Queen's School of Business Presentation
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14 Conclusion Approaching DED with a multi-modal strategy will provide the best outcome for dry eye patients. One branch of the multi-modal approach is adding AM to the dry eye treatment tool box. AM acts as a self-retained biologic corneal bandage lens to suppress inflammation, promote epithelial healing and corneal nerve density growth. The treatment of severe DED with AM is especially promising for the clinician and the patient as current research illustrates its unique and positive impact on the cornea. References 1. Li DQ, Luo L, Chen Z, Kim HS, Song XJ, Pflugfelder SC. JNK and ERK MAP kinases mediate induction of IL-1beta, TNF-alpha and IL-8 following hyperosmolar stress in human limbal epithelial cells. Exp Eye Res 2006;82:588–596. 2. Cheng AM, Zhao D, Chen R, et al. Accelerated restoration of ocular surface health in dry eye disease by self-retained cryopreserved amniotic membrane. Ocul Surf. 2016;14:56–63. 3. Lambiase A, Sacchetti M, Bonini S. Nerve growth factor therapy for corneal disease. Curr Opin Ophthalmol. 2012;23:296–302. 4. Meller D, Pauklin M, Thomasen H, Westekemper H, Steuhl K-P. Amniotic membrane transplantation in the human eye. Deutsches Ärzteblatt International. 2011 Apr;108((14):243-248. 5. Fukuda K, Chikama T, Nakamura M, Nishida T. Differential distribution of subchains of the basement membrane components type IV collagen and laminin among the amniotic membrane, cornea, and conjunctiva. Cornea; 1999;18:73- 79. 6. Oishi S, Takano R, Tamura S, Tani S, Iwaizumi M, Hamaya Y, et al. M2 polarization of murine peritoneal macrophages induces regulatory cytokine production and suppresses T-cell proliferation. Immunology. 2016Nov;149(3):320-328. 7. Tseng SC, Li DQ, Ma X. Suppression of transforming growth factor-beta isoforms, TGF-beta receptor type II, and myofibroblast differentiation in cultured human corneal and limbal fibroblasts by amniotic membrane matrix. J Cell Physiol. 1999;179:325-335. 8. He H, Li W, Tseng DY, Zhang S, Chen SY, Day AJ, et al. Biochemical characterization and function of complexes formed by hyaluronan and the heavy chains of inter-alpha-inhibitor (HC-HA) purified from extracts of human amniotic membrane. J Biol Chem. 2009;284:20136-46. 9. John T, Tighe S, Sheha H, et al. Corneal nerve regeneration after self-retained amniotic membrane in dry eye disease. J Ophthalmol. 2017:6404918. 10. Mead OG, Tighe S, Tseng SCG. Amniotic membrane transplantation for managing dry eye and neurotrophic keratitis. Taiwan Journal of Ophthalmology. 2020;10(1):13. 11. Rahman I, Said DG, Maharajan VS, Dua HS. Amniotic membrane in ophthalmology: Indications and limitations. Eye. 2009;23(10):1954-1961. 12. Rosenberg LE, Rosenberg DD, editors. Growth, Development, and Reproduction. In: Human Genes and Genomes. Ch. 4. San Diego: Academic Press; 2012. p. 27-50. 13. Jones RE, Lopez KH, editors. Pregnancy. In: Human Reproductive Biology. 4th ed., Ch. 10. San Diego: Academic Press;2014. p. 175-204.